A behavioral evaluation of the effects of ingestion of Linguatula serrata nymphs in rats. The life cycle of Linguatula spp. living in cities and large towns, landscapes dominated by human structures and activity. The mean age of the patients was 25.8years (varied from 8 to 79years). In the case reported here, no eye injury was noted. The parasite was 4.5 mm long, appeared whitish, and had a flattened (tongue-like) body shape with a rounded anterior (0.9 mm wide) and pointed posterior end (0.35 mm). Austria Emerg Inf Dis 17(5):870, Lazo R, Hidalgo E, Lazo J, Bermeo A et al (1999) Ocular linguatuliasis in Ecuador: case report and morphometric study of the larva of Linguatula serrata. living in the northern part of the Old World. Iran Adv Biomed Res 1:42. https://doi.org/10.4103/2277-9175.100142, Article The aim of this study was to collect data and provide information on clinical diagnosis of disease, methods of dissemination, prevention and treatment of human linguatuliasis in order to increase people's awareness and health care. CAS https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-020-01276-8, https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1984.33.187, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vprsr.2019.100288, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-018-1768-3, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vprsr.2018.06.001, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2012.09.013, https://doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2010.11.4.480, https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1999.60.405, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vprsr.2019.100273, https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1962.11.762, https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(69)90131-x, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2020.01.010, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003041, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parepi.2019.e00111, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000320. Females can produce hundreds of thousands of eggs, which are expelled into the environment through nasal discharge, saliva or feces. Her medical history was unremarkable except that she had reported regular contact with domestic animals: 2 dogs, cats, and 1 turtle. (Hami, et al., 2009; Haugerud, 1989; Riley, 1983), Larvae can survive for up to two years encysted before they calcify and die in the intermediate host. Sarmadian, H., Nasiri, Z., Saeedinia, S. et al. Antropologia, Educao, Sociologia e Fenmenos Sociais Tavassoli, M., H. Tajic, B. Dalir-Naghadeh, F. Hairiri. Tehran Uni Med J TUMS Publ 55(3):2024, Morsy TA, El-Sharkawy I, Lashin AH (1999) Human nasopharyngeal linguatuliasis (Pentasomida) caused by Linguatula serrata. Notably, L. serrata grouped with the Cephalobaenida, supported by high bootstrap values, although in traditional classification it is assigned to the Porocephalida. 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Pentastomiasis. Govaresh 17:5559, Yagi H et al (1996) The Marrara syndrome: a hypersensitivity reaction of the upper respiratory tract and buccopharyngeal mucosa to nymphs of Linguatula serrata. A viable parasite was extracted and transferred to physiologic saline. a true worm), but a crustacean, like shrimps, crabs, etc.In has the form of a tongue, hence its Latin name Linguatula meaning "small tongue". official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Taxon Information having a body temperature that fluctuates with that of the immediate environment; having no mechanism or a poorly developed mechanism for regulating internal body temperature. Horeca news, de voedingsspecialist Fattore di Impatto 2022-2023| Analisi, Trend, Ranking & Previsione - Academic Accelerator The first larval stage of L. serrata tunnels through gut wall with a stylet, as the host elicits an immune response. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Trop Anim Health Prod. 8600 Rockville Pike Google Scholar, Meshgi B, Asgarian O (2003) Prevalence of Linguatula serrata infestation in stray dogs of Shahrekord, Iran. a species most common in Europe, but also found in the U.S., South America, and probably elsewhere; the adult is a whitish, soft, flattened, anulated worm equipped with hooks by which it attaches itself to the nasal mucosa of dogs and other canids; the larvae develop in the liver and lymph nodes of rodents, swine . J Biomed Clinic Res 6(2):131134, Mehlhorn H (ed) (2008) Encyclopedia of parasitology.3Rd. Linguatula serrata Tongue Worm in Human Eye, Austria. Reviews of Infectious Diseases, 9 (6): 1087-1095. Source: Linguatula serrata Tongue Worm in Human Eye, Austria J Parasitol Res 2014:916120. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/916120, Pampiglione S, Gentile A, Maggi P, Scattone A, Sollitto F (2001) A nodular pulmonary lesion due to Linguatula serrata in an HIV-positive man. Shakerian, A., H. Ghafari Rad, S. Shekarforoush. Unfortunately, neither dog could be investigated for potential infection. endstream endobj 2 0 obj <> endobj 52 0 obj <> endobj 36 0 obj <> endobj 5 0 obj <> endobj 35 0 obj <>stream require an intermediate host (herbivorous), while the adult worms inhabit the respiratory tract of wild and domestic carnivores. Humans are not considered as its main hosts but can act as both intermediate (visceral linguatuliasis) and final hosts (nasopharyngeal linguatuliasis). J Egypt Soc Parasitol 29(3):787790, Musharrafeh U, Hamadeh G, Touma A, Fares J (2018) Nasopharyngeal linguatulosis or halzoun syndrome: clinical diagnosis and treatment. Schmutzhard E and Helbok R (2014). Her complete blood count revealed cell differentiation within normal limits without eosinophilia. Apparently, almost any mammal is a potential intermediate host. In this study case reports of individuals in Iran those infected with the Linguatula serrata were taken from the international databases (e.g., Medline (PubMed), Scopus, Iranmedex, Scientific Information Database, and Irandoc) and reviewed. J Shahid Sadoughi Uni Med Sci 5:5860, Baird JK, Kassebaum LJ, Ludwig GK (1988) Hepatic granuloma in a man from North America caused by a nymph of Linguatula serrata. Heartland Virus Disease in the Mid-Atlantic Region, Linguatula serrata Tongue Worm in Human Eye, Austria, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Koehsler M, Walochnik J, Georgopoulos M, Pruente C, Boeckeler W, Auer H, et al. PubMed Central While many pentastomid males die directly after mating, Linguatula serrata males may live for a period of time after mating. Data is collected weekly and does not include downloads and attachments. A human nasopharyngeal linguatuliasis was reported for the second time in Egypt. Final visual acuity was 1.0 Snellen. The PMC legacy view will also be available for a limited time. This generalist approach helps the parasite evade a host defense. https://doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2010.11.4.480, Article oS$GGGwQD!Q=xC}}/?^nxOVOH @*Yxu v}c2'K_=6=xg@k=,Jq],_oa^.?Y8M"op]WM~KVYT J?UX;W,bZUS6WJ3XQ}gvxM dp_O\sEzOLU{3&W wonYZ>IXU dwKVjz`"b{~6LnqwlWPs&SUUK3k[\XP k5XmpOf0ai6LZ/Xq/v[3CbFE36XyusYv k2W4Nni RgJ1Mi),,wX1!Y.!w=l8KI=zl8%YNOJUlZ>O! Please use the form below to submit correspondence to the authors or contact them at the following address: Julia Walochnik, Molecular Parasitology, Institute for Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Centre for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090 Vienna, Austria. Nasopharyngeal linguatulosis or halzoun syndrome: clinical diagnosis and treatment. animals which must use heat acquired from the environment and behavioral adaptations to regulate body temperature. Part of Springer Nature. Most of this livestock is herbivorous and controlled by humans; few natural ecosystems are affected. The parasite was examined in the Parasitology Laboratory and it was observed that this parasite was the nymph of L. serrata whose mouth was surrounded with four hooks and had approximately 90 body segments with small hooks. Linguatula serrate, an ectoparasite, belonging to the arthropods order, has diverse forms of adult, nymph and larva. gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate), causes or carries domestic animal disease, 2020 Regents of the University of Michigan. The rabbit becomes infected upon consumption of eggs shed by respiratory excretions of the definitive hosts which include dogs and occasionally humans (Schoeb et al., 2007). Eggs survive well in aqueous environments, such as water or wet vegetation, where they are ingested. Introduction. In other words, India and southeast Asia. Research in Veterinary Science, 84: 243-245. The species Linguatula serrata belongs to the Pentastomida, a still-enigmatic group of worm-like, bloodsucking parasites that inhabit the upper respiratory tract of terrestrial, carnivorous vertebrates, mostly reptiles and birds; L. serrata, commonly called tongue worms, typically inhabit canids and felids. Linguatula serrata can be found in several countries in Asia, Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Europe, North Africa, and the Americas. Vision was reduced to 0.1 Snellen. an animal which directly causes disease in humans. (8) and could thus be identified as a third instar larva of L. serrata tongue worm. Linguatula serrata females mate once over the course of their lifetime, but due to huge spermathecal storage and oocytes continuously being ejected from the ovary, females can lay thousands or millions of eggs per year. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 50:466467, Moghadam Y, Dehghan R (2001) A case of human linguathula serrata infestation in kashan. 2011-04-20T11:09:33-04:00 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003041, Tabaripour R, Shokri A, Hosseini Teshnizi S, Fakhar M, Keighobadi M (2019) Status of Linguatula serrata infection in livestock: a systematic review with meta-analysis in Iran. 2012. Butterflies have complete metamorphosis, grasshoppers have incomplete metamorphosis. 1987. Characterization of the tongue worm, Linguatula serrata (Pentastomida: Linguatulidae), in Australia. A Nasopharyngeal Human Infestation Caused by Linguatula serrata Nymphs in Van Province: A Case Report Chapter 96, 121: 14031443. Upon . Most cases of linguatuliasis or pentastomiasis are recorded in the Middle East. (Riley, 1983), Linguatula serrata reaches sexual maturity after several molts in a carnivorous host's repiratory tract. CAS FJ528908). Message not sent. Iran Tropical Animal Health Prod 51:879885. Trees were rooted with 4 branchiurian sequences (GenBank nos. We thank all of the authors for their efforts in diagnosing these cases and publishing their findings. [The prevalence of Linguatula serrata (Frhlich, 1789) nymphs in sheep in the Van province]. Linguatula serrata tongue worm in human eye, Austria. Tabaripour R, Shokri A, Teshnizi S H, et al (2019) Status of Linguatula serrata infection in livestock: a systematic review with meta-analysis in Iran. She had no history of bites or other infestations, and neither she nor any of her animals had been abroad. 2014;9(2):282-5. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl. The new PMC design is here! Parasitenkunde, 69: 271-277. The objective of this study was to explore the epidemiological, histopathological and phylogenetic profiles of Linguatula serrata infection in sheep and goats and its public health importance during 2015-2018. Linguatula serrata is a cosmopolitan species and both larval and nymphal stages have been recorded from humans in Africa, Europe, and the Americas [13]. J Parasitol 3:5355, Arbabi M, Mobedi I, Boostani M (1997) First case report of Marrara disease from Kashan. 2018 Dec;64(12):1081-1084. doi: 10.1590/1806-9282.64.12.1081. Human linguatulosis caused by Linguatula serrata in the city of Kerman, South-eastern Iran: case report. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1962.11.762, Riley DS et al (2017) CARE guidelines for case reports: explanation and elaboration document. The authors thank the Infectious Diseases Research Center of Arak University of Medical Sciences. Acrobat Distiller 8.2.5 (Windows) Linguatulosis is a condition associated with the organism Linguatula serrata.. PubMed They live in the nasopharyngeal region of mammals. In this study case reports of individuals in Iran those infected with the Linguatula serrata were taken from the international databases (e.g., Medline (PubMed . 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