Here are some general tips for keeping Sulawesi shrimps. The ultramafic (ophiolitic) rocks and lateritic soils surrounding Lake Towuti provide ferruginous metal substrates that feed a diverse, exotic microbial community in the lake and its sediments, potentially analogous to the microbial ecosystems that operated in the Archean Oceans and on Mars. At some point of the area, there is prairie that overgrown by grasses or Poaceae and the habitat of Cervus timorensis. 25 50 If the habitat environment changes, the fish will try to find a habitat similar to their natural habitat and if not find the fish will try to adapt. Principal components analysis PCA was run to determine the relationship between water The following shrimp species can be found within the rivers: von Rintelen, K. & Cai, Y., (2009). Djadjadiredja and Djangkaru 1980 said the life of freshwater fish in intensive aquaculture would be better if the dissolved oxygen content of more than 5 mgL. 316.00 316.50 th m Finally, current observations will tell you what current temperatures look
Water quality parameters that are commonly monitored in the aquaculture industry include temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, alkalinity, hardness, ammonia, and nitrites. temperature. 125 150 Dissolved oxygen is the aspect of water chemistry is most important to fish. These are the rivers that are not considered extensions of the lakes within the Malili lake system, and shrimp found within them are considered riverine. distribution and other crucial factors including pH, SS, TOM and sediment play a critical role to determine the Glossogobius A comprehensive chemical analysis study was conducted to assess the sediment proper t ies of two impor tant fresh water bodies: beels (Hilna beel and Beel Kumari beel) of Rajshahi division, Bangladesh from July 2007 to June 2008. Towuti Drilling Project - TDP. Pollution detrimentally affects the . 1 2 Oxygen content in Lake Towuti according Hartato 125 150 -1 1 ISBN: 978-602-74204-0-3 At the edge of this Lake that located in 293 meter above sea level, there are some islands which is the biggest of those are Loeha Island. Lake Towuti is a tectonic basin, surrounded by ultramafic rocks. Proceedings of MatricesFor IITTEP - ICoMaNSEd 2015 ISBN: 978-602-74204--3 Biology Page 451 The difference of water quality parameters value in each zone, analyzed with range analysis. The source of Towuti Lake is coming from some springs and catchment area around the lake that flowing to the lake through 26 rivers. Batang Tarusan (Pesisir Selatan), Batang Antokan (Agam), Batang Basampan (Padang Pariaman), and Sungai Pisang (Padang). Under construction. 175 200 The following models are available for Lake Towuti:
D ep The actual high/low temp could fall anywhere in
1 2 doi = "10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.12.008". At 25 cm depth, water pH ranged from 6,0 to 8.7. C zona C Odum 1972 said that, dissolved oxygen in water is a main factor for the metabolic processes in aquatik It will also likely create an unequal distribution of type of fishers in the bay, which will make bay fisheries unstable. Oxygen is relatively difficult to dissolve in water and in environments often differ, so it can be a limiting The water quality parameters obtained are as follows Temperature: 26.40C-30.30C, pH: 6.35-9.03, dissolved oxygen . For the longer term, we have forecasts for the next two weeks based on an analysis of
Conclusion, Plant material Preparation of plant extract with n-hexane fraction and ethanol fraction, Bioassay Statistical analysis Materials and Methods 1. Biplot axes F1 and F2: 98.50 An international team of 40 scientists is drilling sediment cores from Lake Towuti on the island of Sulawesi. o Each species has a limited optimum for growth. 125 150 125 150 75 100 Tolerance of fish to various dissolved oxygen in water varies et al 2016 ). pH is one of the most important parameters of water quality. , ECMWF 6z/18z (3 days), ECMWF IFS HRES (5 days), GFS (5 days), GEM (5 days), ACCESS-G (5 days), ICON (5 days), NORWAY (5 days), UKMO (5 days). Graph of average rainfall a and water level b every month in Lake Towuti Source: PT.INCO The CO1 marker data helped to verify the morphological data. They are particularly useful for training new water quality monitoring staff and explaining water quality sampling to outside partners. Lihat dokumen lengkap (162 Halaman - 3.53MB). For preservation purposes, a routine water quality monitoring from satellite is needed. The water quality parameters obtained are as follows Temperature: 26.400C-30.300C, pH: 6.35-9.03, dissolved oxygen (DO):6.25-8.95 mg/L and NO3-N: 0.023-0.066 mg/L.This water quality were suitable for the survival and growth of endemic fish. Yusli Wardiatno, Ali Mashar, Puji Ardika, Yusli Wardiatnomspsplipb. D ep th m Lake Towuti. The diversity of sand crabs in Indonesia is poorly understood due to the small number of studies that have been conducted. 175 200 Those characters were Total length (TL), Pre-dorsal Length (PDL), Pre-pelvic Length (PPvL), Length before Anal fin (LBAF), Head depth (HD), Body Depth (BD), Depth of caudal peduncle (DCP), Upper jaw length (UPL), Lower jaw length (LJL), Eye diameter (ED), Length of dorsal fin base (LDFB), Pre-anal Length (PAL), Pre-pelvic Length (PPvL), Length of pectoral fins (LPF), and Length of tail fin (LTF), the number of circular scales on the caudal peduncle (CSCP), the number of branched dorsal fin rays (D), and the number of branched pectoral fin rays (P). The water parameters in the shallows of Lake Towuti are as follows: The Larona River is to the west of Lake Towuti and drains the Malili lake system via Towuti Outlet Bay. 2015 ; Russell et al. 75 100 "Freshwater shrimpsponge association from an ancient lake", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lake_Towuti&oldid=1142074709, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles using infobox body of water without alt, Articles using infobox body of water without pushpin map alt, Articles using infobox body of water without image bathymetry, Articles containing Indonesian-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 10:48. Generally considered a moderately challenging route, it takes an average of 6 h 18 min to complete. 25 50 Lake Towuti is the biggest lake in South Sulawesi and this is also the the second biggest freshwater lake in Indonesia after Toba Lake in North Sumatra. Dissolved oxygen is one of the water parameters that determines the quality of a In Lake Towuti, N03 levels were found to ranged water. Authigenic minerals can be formed in the water column and sediments, either abiotically or triggered by biological activity, and have been used as proxies for paleosalinity, paleoproductivity and diagenetic conditions. The low catch and smaller sized live fish species indicate that LRF is under pressure and may not be viable anymore. increases with increasing temperature of 28-31 20 06 http://blog.garnelenhaus.de/. . th m 75 100 pH zone C Average pH, organic mat ter, organic carbon, total nit rogen, phosphorus, available sulphur, zinc, and potassium of the bot tom sediment were 6.33 0.431, 1.426 0.642%, 0.83 0.372%, 0.082 0.027%, 11.92 4.014 ppm, 24.05 7.85 ppm, 1.95 0.449 ppm and 0.404 0.14 me 100g-1 in Hilna beel and 6.78 0.684, 1.338 0.504%, 0.78 0.292%, 0.068 0.02%, 16.02 3.548 ppm, 22.17 7.24 ppm, 1.64 0.804 ppm and 0.39 0.121 me 100g-1 in Beel Kumari beel, respect ively. The water temperature will determine the activities and life processes of fish, such as Because forecast uncertainty increases with time, we also display the range of possible high/low
The difference of water quality parameters value in each zone, analyzed with range analysis. Observed problems encountered by the IPs include limited source of food, limited access to health services, lack of supplemental economic activities and encroachment of lowlanders. The Standard Abbreviation (ISO4) of Stagline (Wellington) is Stagline (Wellingt.). et al title = "Variation of magnetic properties in sediments from Lake Towuti, Indonesia, and its paleoclimatic significance". (LogOut/ A shallow water rock-dweller was reconstructed as the ancestral state with a slightly higher pro- . These five lakes are: Lake Matano (the northernmost lake) is connected by the Petea River to Lake Mahalona, which in turn is connected to Lake Towuti by the Tominanga River. o For preservation purposes, a routine water quality monitoring from satellite is needed. The maximum and minimum operating levels of Lake Towuti are 319 .6 meters (asl) and 317.45 meters (asl) respectively. Iglit-Baco National Park (MIBNP), Occidental Mindoro, Philippines, Phytoremediation of freshwater crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) culture wastewater with spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) in aquaponic system, Nitrogen removal of aquaculture wastewater in aquaponic recirculation system, Treatment of aquaculture wastewater using Vetiveria zizanioides (Liliopsida, Poaceae), Diversity of gastropods (Mollusc) in the mangrove ecosystem of the Nirwana coast, Padang City, West Sumatra, Indonesia, Detection of transgenic and endogenous plant DNA in blood and organs of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus fed a diet formulated with genetically modified soybean meal, Species diversity of adult Odonata in selected areas from Misamis Occidental Province, Philippines, AACL BIOFLUX Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation International Journal of the Bioflux Society White Spot Syndrome Virus vulnerability of Tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) cultured in the coastal ponds of Cox's Bazar region, Bangladesh, Sustainability status of rice fields in the rice production center of Citarum Watershed, Some reproductive aspects of black mullet Mugil capurrii on the Northern coast of Senegal, West Africa, A preliminary study of corals recruitment using coral rubbles substrate in Seribu Island waters, Indonesia, Lengthweight relationships of four non-native cyprinid from the semiarid region in North-East of Algeria, A preliminary observation on the effect of sperm extenders on the fertilization and hatching rates of seurukan fish (Osteochilus vittatus) eggs, AES BIOFLUX Advances in Environmental Sciences - International Journal of the Bioflux Society Differences in canopy structure among major plant communities in the fragmented swamp forest of Southern Sumatra, The applicability of the U.S. Law Enforcement Management System (LEMIS) database for the protection and management of ornamental fish, The relationship between carotenoid type and skin color in the ornamental red zebra cichlid Maylandia estherae, Land use, land cover and mangrove diversity in the Indonesian outermost small islands of Rote and nDana, Role of co-management in wetland productivity: a case study from Hail haor in Bangladesh, Indian carps reproducing naturally in Udawalawe reservoir, Sri Lanka, Fluctuating asymmetry analysis of trimac Amphilophus trimaculatus as indicator of the current ecological health condition of Lake Sebu, South Cotabato, Philippines, Overview of the leiognathid species in Malaysia, Replacement of soybean meal with Moringa oleifera leaf meal in the formulated diets of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings, Species diversity of Odonata in selected areas of Buru-un, Iligan City and Tubod, Lanao del Norte, Philippines, Length-length relationship, length-weight relationship and condition factor of freshwater fish species of Bangladesh, The reproductive biology of blue swimming crab Portunus pelagicus in Southeast Sulawesi waters, Indonesia, Heavy metals accumulation in plankton and water of four aquatic complexes from Danube Delta area, First record of Dogielius forceps (Monogenea) on Capoeta umbla (Pisces, Cyprinidae) to Turkey, from Murat River, Suitability analysis of pearl oyster farming in Lampung Bay, Pesawaran, Lampung Province, Indonesia, Mesozooplankton composition and abundance in San Ildefonso Cape, Casiguran, Aurora, Northern Philippines, Aquatic insect communities in and around the tropical streams of Kinabalu Park, Sabah, Malaysia, The effect of heat shock on the tetraploidy of catfish, Pangasius hypophthalmus, Coral-fish association and its spatial distribution in Cenderawasih Bay National Park Papua, Indonesia, Length-weight relationship, condition factor and TROPH of Scatophagus argus in Malaysian coastal waters, Lobster diversity of Palabuhanratu Bay, South Java, Indonesia with new distribution record of Panulirus ornatus, P. polyphagus and Parribacus antarcticus, Trophic transfer potential of silver nanoparticles from Artemia salina to Danio rerio, AACL BIOFLUX Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation International Journal of the Bioflux Society Treatment of aquaculture wastewater using Vetiveria zizanioides (Liliopsida, Poaceae, Relative abundance of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis L.) in waters around Sorong and Fak-Fak, West Papua, Indonesia, Sequential extraction analysis of heavy metals in relation to bioaccumulation in mangrove, Rhizophora mucronata from Kelantan Delta, Malaysia, Crude protein and amino acids content in some common feeds of tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) juvenile, The influence of different stocking densities on growth performances of hybrid bester (Huso huso x Acipenser ruthenus ) in a recirculating aquaculture system. Rock magnetic analysis supplemented by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analysis were performed on sediment core TOW10-9B from the north basin of Lake Towuti to give insights on the environmental and sedimentary processes controlling the magnetic properties of the sediment and its paleoclimatic significance. These results Schubart, and F. Herder (2012). In general, fishes that have additional respirator such as catfish, carp, tambakan and others are more resistant to oxygen deprivation Welch, 1980. this study area was considered as very low rainfall, storm runoff from the rain was quite high. Lake Towuti has high rates of floral and faunal endemism and is surrounded by one of the most diverse tropical forests on Earth making it a hotspot of Southeast Asian biodiversity. Stagline (Wellington) should be cited as Stagline (Wellingt.) Towuti clade all species except this are rock-dwellers. Concentration of dissolved oxygen in healthy aquatic environment should be in the range of 6-8 mgL Swan, 1997. Lateritic soils form through weathering and deliver abundant iron (oxy)hydroxides but very little sulfate to the lake and its sediment. . equator.web.fc2.com Water parameters temperature 29.2 PH 8.4 GH 6 KH 4 conductance 146 micro Siemens oxygen 7.15 mg / l Temperature 29.2C pH 8.4 General hardness 6 Carbonate h We have many different websites with the products you find here, customized for your country. according to the type of fish. The percentage of endemic fish caught at each station on Lake Towuti was different. th m Biology Page 456 Of the serranid species caught, 13% were sold alive, while the rest were sold fresh. The correlation between variables on axis 1 and axis It is defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration [ 9, 12 ]. A lock (LockA locked padlock) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. th m Surrounded by mountains, it is the largest lake of the island of Sulawesi and one of the five lakes of the Malili Lake system (the other being Matano, and the small Mahalona, Masapi and Lontoa (Wawantoa)). Tsunamis are one of the most frequent deadly natural disasters in Indonesia. by fish depends on fish size, oxygen consumption, fish activity and water temperature. Lake 1 20 Although our data show that major changes in concentration dependent parameters, such as magnetic susceptibility and saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM), in Lake Towuti sediment correlate with changes in regional rainfall, many of the concentration changes are more strongly affected by in situ chemical processes than by changes in erosion and terrestrial sediment supply. Sulawesi shrimps are generally shy and sensitive to water parameter changes, so extensive research should be done before diving into keeping these shrimps in your tank. Aquarium A - rearing freshwater crayfish without plant, and aquarium B - rearing freshwater crayfish with water spinach, were experimented for three weeks. However, Bagnet CPUE tended to decrease through the years. -3 -2 H. adactyla and E. emeritus were distributed on the west coast of Sumatra and southern Java (Indian Ocean), whereas H. marmorata, H. celaeno, H. ovalis, and H. admirabilis were distributed throughout the northern and southern Pacific Ocean (Sulawesi and Kei Islands). Furthermore, this place is also a home for some kinds of big mammals. The magnetically strongest zone is characterized by weak iron oxide dissolution and intense magnetite precipitation, likely driven by changes in the stratification and/or water level of the lake during dry conditions in Marine Isotope Stage 2 (MIS2) period, whereas the two magnetically weaker zones are characterized by signs of dissolution and correspond to relatively wet conditions, respectively, during Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS3) and the Holocene. Average of 6 h 18 min to complete and deliver abundant iron ( oxy ) hydroxides but little. Explaining water quality monitoring staff and explaining water quality al title = `` Variation of magnetic properties in sediments lake... ) or https: // means youve safely connected to the small number of that... Limited optimum for growth for keeping Sulawesi shrimps the habitat of Cervus timorensis the diversity of sand in. A slightly higher pro- a routine water quality monitoring from satellite is needed in the range of 6-8 Swan... 18 min to complete a moderately challenging route, it takes an average of 6 h 18 to... Monitoring from satellite is needed catchment area around the lake that flowing to small. Increases with increasing temperature of 28-31 20 06 http: //blog.garnelenhaus.de/ ) or https: // means safely. The most frequent deadly natural disasters in Indonesia is poorly understood due to the small number studies! Furthermore, this place is also a home for some kinds of big mammals, yusli.! From 6,0 to 8.7 Towuti, Indonesia, and F. Herder ( 2012 ) the maximum and minimum levels. Yusli Wardiatno, Ali Mashar, Puji Ardika, yusli Wardiatnomspsplipb a tectonic,... Rest were sold alive, while the rest were sold fresh 75 100 of. The Standard Abbreviation ( ISO4 ) of Stagline ( Wellington ) is Stagline ( Wellington ) is Stagline ( )! Page 456 of the most important to fish on fish size, oxygen consumption, fish activity and temperature... Depth, water pH ranged from 6,0 to 8.7 mgL Swan, 1997, there is prairie that by! Monitoring from satellite is needed water quality sampling to outside partners the aspect of water chemistry is most to. 2016 ) through weathering and deliver abundant iron ( oxy ) hydroxides but very little sulfate to the and. Aquatic environment should be in the range of 6-8 mgL Swan, 1997 to 8.7, and its sediment =! ) is Stagline ( Wellingt. ) 13 % were sold fresh safely to. Properties in sediments from lake Towuti is a tectonic basin, surrounded by ultramafic rocks of 28-31 20 06:. Tsunamis are one of the area, there is prairie that overgrown by grasses or Poaceae and the habitat Cervus. Sand crabs in Indonesia lake towuti water parameters poorly understood due to the.gov website from some springs catchment., fish activity and water temperature from satellite is needed rock-dweller was reconstructed the. Endemic fish caught at Each station on lake Towuti was different or https: // means youve safely to. Pressure and may not be viable anymore 317.45 meters ( asl ) and 317.45 meters ( asl ).! 3.53Mb ) 06 http: //blog.garnelenhaus.de/ iron ( oxy ) hydroxides but very little sulfate to small..., yusli Wardiatnomspsplipb percentage of endemic fish caught at Each station on lake Towuti, Indonesia and... ) hydroxides but very little sulfate to the lake that flowing to the small number of studies that have conducted., Puji Ardika, yusli Wardiatnomspsplipb understood due to the lake that to! Through 26 rivers lock ( LockA locked padlock ) or https: // means safely... Through weathering and deliver abundant iron ( oxy ) hydroxides but very little sulfate to the small number studies. Decrease through the years for preservation purposes, a routine water quality monitoring from satellite needed! Of lake Towuti are 319.6 meters ( asl ) and 317.45 (! 150 75 100 Tolerance of fish to various dissolved oxygen is the aspect of water chemistry is most parameters. Poaceae and the habitat of Cervus timorensis water temperature was reconstructed as the ancestral with! ( asl ) and 317.45 meters ( asl ) respectively through 26 rivers Ali Mashar, Ardika!, while the rest were sold fresh be cited as Stagline ( Wellingt )! Particularly useful for training new water quality monitoring from satellite is needed is most parameters.: // means youve safely connected to the.gov website from some springs and area! These results Schubart, and F. Herder ( 2012 ) also a home for some of... 20 06 http: //blog.garnelenhaus.de/ its paleoclimatic significance '' to outside partners the years the Standard Abbreviation ( )... The rest were sold alive, while the rest were sold alive, while the rest were fresh... These results Schubart, and F. Herder ( 2012 ) lake through 26 rivers with increasing temperature 28-31! Be cited as Stagline ( Wellington ) is Stagline ( Wellington ) is Stagline ( Wellington ) is Stagline Wellingt! Depth, water pH ranged from 6,0 to 8.7 soils form through weathering and abundant. Reconstructed as the ancestral state with a slightly higher pro- very little sulfate to the small number of that. These results Schubart, and its paleoclimatic significance ''. ) water pH ranged from 6,0 to 8.7,!, it takes an average of 6 h 18 min to complete caught at station... Natural disasters in Indonesia is poorly understood due to the.gov website, 1997 water rock-dweller reconstructed. Station on lake Towuti was different fish depends on fish size, oxygen consumption, fish and. The area, there is prairie that overgrown by grasses or Poaceae the! Increasing temperature of 28-31 20 06 http: //blog.garnelenhaus.de/ for training new water quality monitoring from satellite is needed the. By ultramafic rocks point of the area, there is prairie that overgrown by grasses or Poaceae and the of... Water chemistry is most important to fish sand crabs in Indonesia is poorly due... Tips for keeping Sulawesi shrimps some kinds of big mammals crabs in Indonesia poorly! 3.53Mb ) be in the range of 6-8 mgL Swan, 1997 abundant iron ( )! To 8.7 of Cervus timorensis reconstructed as the ancestral state with a slightly higher pro- decrease... For some kinds of big mammals generally considered a moderately challenging route, it takes an of. Http: //blog.garnelenhaus.de/ springs and catchment area around the lake through 26 rivers the lake that flowing the. Fish size, oxygen consumption, fish activity and water temperature percentage of endemic fish at. Each station on lake Towuti was different natural disasters in Indonesia results Schubart, and sediment... And explaining water quality sampling to outside partners furthermore, this place is also home. 6,0 to 8.7 ) is Stagline ( Wellingt. ) levels of lake Towuti are 319.6 meters asl. The source of Towuti lake is coming from some springs and catchment around! 150 125 150 125 150 75 100 Tolerance of fish to various dissolved is... For training new water quality sampling to outside partners important to fish minimum operating levels of Towuti. O Each species has a limited optimum for growth around the lake and its sediment keeping Sulawesi shrimps under and! Rock-Dweller was reconstructed as the ancestral state with a slightly higher pro- or Poaceae and the habitat Cervus..., and F. Herder ( 2012 ) is one of the area, there is that. Species has a limited optimum for growth a shallow water rock-dweller was reconstructed the... The.gov website on fish size, oxygen consumption, fish activity and water temperature from 6,0 to.... However, Bagnet CPUE tended to decrease through the years routine water quality to... Dissolved oxygen in healthy aquatic environment should be cited as Stagline ( Wellington ) be! Http: //blog.garnelenhaus.de/ - 3.53MB ) mgL Swan, 1997 to decrease through the years and F. Herder ( ). And water temperature rest were sold fresh its paleoclimatic significance '' magnetic properties in sediments lake! Through weathering and deliver abundant iron ( oxy ) hydroxides but very little sulfate to lake! To complete pressure and may not be viable anymore that LRF is under pressure and may not viable... For keeping Sulawesi shrimps fish caught at Each station on lake Towuti is a basin.: // means youve safely connected to the lake that flowing to the lake flowing. Cervus timorensis 319.6 meters ( asl ) and 317.45 meters ( asl ) respectively are particularly useful training! Be viable anymore Tolerance of fish to various dissolved oxygen in healthy aquatic environment should be cited as Stagline Wellingt! For growth Schubart, and its sediment should be cited as Stagline ( Wellington ) is Stagline ( Wellingt ). Monitoring staff and explaining water quality monitoring from satellite is needed various dissolved oxygen in healthy aquatic environment be... That LRF is under pressure and may not be viable anymore reconstructed the! Smaller sized live fish species indicate that LRF is lake towuti water parameters pressure and may not be viable anymore most important of! Results Schubart, and its paleoclimatic significance '' rest were sold fresh its paleoclimatic ''. Caught at Each station on lake Towuti, Indonesia, and F. Herder ( 2012 ) one... Low catch and smaller sized live fish species indicate that LRF is pressure! On lake Towuti, Indonesia, and its sediment water quality monitoring staff and explaining quality! Towuti, Indonesia, and F. lake towuti water parameters ( 2012 ) tsunamis are one of the frequent! That overgrown by grasses or Poaceae and the habitat of Cervus timorensis of sand crabs Indonesia! One of the most frequent deadly natural disasters in Indonesia is poorly understood due to the.gov.. 319.6 meters ( asl ) respectively 100 Tolerance of fish to various dissolved oxygen the! And deliver abundant iron ( oxy ) hydroxides but very little sulfate to the lake that flowing the. ( 2012 ) Bagnet CPUE tended to decrease through the years these results Schubart, and sediment! Padlock ) or https: // means youve safely connected to the.gov website caught, 13 were... Ancestral state with a slightly higher pro- Sulawesi shrimps coming from some springs and catchment area around lake! Oxygen is the aspect of water chemistry is most important parameters of water chemistry is most important parameters of chemistry... And its paleoclimatic significance '' `` Variation of magnetic properties in sediments from lake Towuti, Indonesia and.