Incarceration is the state of being confined in prison, typically as punishment for a crime. The following are the 10 countries with the highest prison population rates, according to the latest WPB data. Amnesty recorded at least 1,477 death sentences in 54 countries in 2020, down 35.9% from the 2,307 confirmed death sentences imposed in 2019 as the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted criminal proceedings across the world. Rwanda: after seeing civil war and genocide, Rwanda has the third largest prison population. [2] The US had 2,173,800 prisoners in adult facilities in 2015. Minnesota Execution totals not known for Vietnam, North Korea, and Syria. Turkmenistan is a troubled country, even described as on the verge of a catastrophe. Kansas 2,913,314 0 0.00 *Death penalty abolished. "This eleventh edition of the World Prison Population List gives details of the number of prisoners held in 223 prison systems in independent countries and dependent territories. The spreadsheets provided longitudinal data but we only used the crime rate data from the most recent year available. For every 100,000 people, the US, El Salvador, and Turkmenistan had the greatest number of people behind bars in 2020. There were fewer than 15 professional judges per 100 000 inhabitants in eleven EU Member States (the Netherlands, Cyprus, Belgium, Denmark, France, Italy, Malta, Sweden, Czechia, Spain and Austria). The total which was the third consecutive year in which confirmed executions reached a 10-year low and the sixth year in a row in which confirmed executions declined was 70.6% below the 25-year-high total of 1,634 reported executions in 2015. View the Amnesty 2013 report here. Four countriesIran, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Pakistanwere responsible for 87% of the worlds confirmed executions in 2016. [Online]. The total one of the smallest since Amnesty began tracking executions in 1979 was a 5% decrease from the at least 690 executions recorded in 2018 and was down 60% from the 25-year-high total of 1,634 reported executions in 2015. But American prison stays are much longer, so the total incarceration rate is higher. , The federal government consistently uses these categories murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, rape/sexual violence, robbery, and aggravated/serious assault to define violent crime across the relevant reporting agencies: the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Bureau of Justice Statistics, and National Institute of Justice. Australia had an imprisonment rate of 165 prisoners per 100,000 people. RANK. After North Korea, it is the second-most isolated country in the world and its population enjoys almost no freedom of expression or press freedom. Prisoners per 100,000 citizens: 698. Amnesty recorded at least 2,307 death sentences in 56 countries in 2019, down 9% from the 2,531 reported in 2018. Alex Lockie. This figure does not include the thousands of executions that were believed to be carried out in China. These gangs, which include MS-13 and La 18, control the country, making it one of the deadliest places on Earth not counting war zones. Indeed, the mere number of sentences imposed here would not place the United States at the top of the incarceration lists. By comparison, the highest. Over the past several decades, the country has built the largest prison population in the entire world, with the second-highest prison population per . View the Amnesty 2012 report here. Her previous research also includes analyses of mortality in prisons and the combined impact of HIV and incarceration on Black men and women. Read more about the data. sex offenders held under civil commitment laws and people held in state psychiatric hospitals because of criminal charges or convictions. See: List of U.S. states by incarceration and correctional supervision rate. At least 2,466 people are known to have been sentenced to death in 2014, an increase of 28% compared with 2013. Re the letter by Gregg Mueller about debt: Thumbs up. View in new tab. However, the U.S. may actually also rank behind Vietnam. Experts have pointed to a variety of possible factors to . Rates calculated per 100,000 people. Next highest were Comoros and the Faroe Islands, both with 19, followed by the Republic of Guinea on 26. Amnesty International documented the executions of 714, but this total does not include figures from China where the majority of the worlds executions take place. Counting all races and ethnicities, the U.S. imprisonment rate fell 17% between 2006 and 2018, from 666 prisoners per 100,000 adults to 555 per 100,000. Why do some countries have so many people in prison? As of January 2023, El Salvador had the highest prisoner rate worldwide, with 605 prisoners per 100,000 of the national population. The violent crime metric is used here only because police-reported violent crimes were the only common metric available internationally to counter arguments that the dramatic extent to which the U.S. over-incarcerates can somehow be explained by crime rates. First, we included Iceland, which is a founding NATO member, even though its population is below 500,000. Not only does the U.S. have the highest incarceration rate in the world; every single U.S. state incarcerates more people per capita than virtually any independent democracy on earth. Whites accounted for 64% of adults but 30% of prisoners. Organizations such as the Prison Policy Initiative argue that incarceration dehumanizes poor people and minorities, damages already marginalized communities, and often jails people for small-scale offenses such as marijuana possession in countries where weed is illegal. $14.95 1 New from $14.95. With COVID-19 restrictions on courts fully or partially lifted, the number of death sentences imposed throughout the world rose sharply in 2021. [26] If all prisoners are counted (including juvenile, territorial, ICE, Indian country, and military), then in 2008 the USA had around 24.7% of the world's 9.8 million prisoners. For example, from March 2020 to March 2021, the Federal BOP population decreased by 14%, but since March 25th 2021, it has steadily increased. If you gave us this permission, we discarded your location data as the page finished loading. The 2,052 confirmed death sentences imposed in 2021 was 38.9% higher than the 1,477 death sentences imposed in 2020 but remained well below the pre-pandemic total of 2,307 imposed by 56 countries in 2019. At least 20 countries imposed more death sentences than the 18 new death sentences imposed in the United States in 2020, and given the absence of information from which to confirm death sentences in some countries, the number is likely higher. View the Amnesty 2015 report here. The United States ranked 7th in documented executions (20) in 2016. A major contributor to the high incarceration rates is the length of the prison sentences in the United States. Utah It sounded the national alarm about the threat of coronavirus to jails and prisons with its March 2020 report No need to wait for pandemics: The public health case for criminal justice reform, and its data-driven coverage of the pandemic behind bars continues to advance the national movement to protect incarcerated people from COVID-19. Tweet thisSeptember 2021. South Dakota 884,659 5 0.57 13. However, the Federal Bureau of Prisons and the U.S. Excluding China, 88% of all reported executions took place in just four countries Iran (246+), Egypt (107+), Iraq (45+), and Saudi Arabia (27) which had combined for 86% of reported executions in 2019. Therefore, these population counts may reflect decarceration efforts taking place across correctional facilities during the pandemic, while the state prison and local jail populations used in this report are from prior to the pandemic. California has 253.7. Industry revenue of manufacture of lifting and handling equipment in the Netherlands 201 Find your information in our database containing over 20,000 reports. 20 countries were known to have carried out judicial executions in 2018. 10 min read. The United States ranked 5th in documented executions (28) in 2015. A new expose by The Times-Picayune of New Orleans calls Louisiana the "world's prison capital." The state imprisons more people per capita than any other state or country in the world, with. Paperback. Even though there are other countries that have a higher rate of committing inmates to prison annually, the fact that the United States keeps their prisoners longer causes the total incarceration rate to become higher. Amnesty International reported that executions worldwide fell by more than 25% in 2006, down from 2,148 in 2005 to 1,591. Nor, for that matter, does capital punishment, commonly known as the death penalty. Learn more about how Statista can support your business. In China execution figures are a state secret meaning their total number of executions could be much higher. 2010: At least 23 countries were known to have carried out judicial executions in 2010. As in previous years, the execution total does not include the estimated thousands of executions carried out in China, which treats data on the death penalty as a state secret. These people can get out, but only if they can afford to do so by posting bail, which can be pricey. The number of deaths inside prisons reached an all-time high in 2021, after 70 prisoners died in custody. (For more on how we calculated violent crime for the 98 countries and the scarcity of alternative measures, see the methodology.). California , For a more detailed analysis of the dubious distinction between violent and other offense types, we recommend the Justice Policy Institutes report, Defining Violence, explaining many of these inconsistencies and why they matter. The United States incarcerates more people than any other country in the world and for the first time in the nation's history, more than one in every 100 American adults is confined in a prison or . Overall, the incarceration rate in the U.S. has skyrocketed in the past decadethe prison population was a mere 200,000 in 1972, less than a tenth of today's total. High rates of incarceration arent good for anyone, as they can destabilize communities that are already struggling to thrive. Where we cant make this guess, the page may request your location for that purpose. More than 3.5 million have applied for temporary residence . There were 707 people in prison for every 100,000 residents in the . For more information on these differences, see the sidebar below. [35] The black imprisonment rate of South Africa could not have come close to todays American rate simply due to limited room. This figure does not include the thousands of executions that were believed to be carried out in China. South Dakota ", In the United States, women make up more than one tenth of the whole prison population. Beginning in 2009, Amnesty International ceased to publish minimum figures for the use of the death penalty in China, where such statistics are considered to be state secrets. According to Bureau of Justice Statistics data, the. As in previous years, the execution total does not include the estimated thousands of executions carried out in China, which treats data on the death penalty as a state secret. We compared the incarceration rates of countries and U.S. states against violent crime, which we calculated based on four categories of offense typesmurder and nonnegligent manslaughter, rape and sexual violence, robbery, and aggravated and serious assault that have available data across 98 countries with populations over 500,000 and the U.S. states. Rather than any of the founding NATO member countries traditionally compared to the United States, the only countries that approach the incarceration rate and violent crime rates of the 50 states are El Salvador, Panama, Peru, and Turkey. In US prisons, racial disparities persist and numbers of women are on the rise. Martnez, however, estimates the total number of prisoners in custody today to be around 100,000 people, a staggering figure for a country of 6.5 million. Use Ask Statista Research Service, World's most dangerous cities, by murder rate 2022, Reported violent crime rate in the U.S. 1990-2021, World's most dangerous countries 2022, by homicide rate, Most peaceful countries in the world 2022. Tennessee Data is from World Prison Brief.[1]. The 17 executions in the U.S. were the sixth most recorded in any nation, although Vietnams and North Koreas execution totals are not known and were likely higher. Three additional categories of confinement are included in the national incarceration rate for the United States, but not in state rates, because state-level data were not available: For the incarceration rates of other countries, we used the most recent incarceration rate data available from the Institute for Criminal Policy Researchs World Prison Brief in May 2018. West Virginia by Emily Widra and Tiana Herring
The figures include both pre-trial detainees/remand prisoners and those who have been convicted and sentenced. Putting a lot of people in prison can encourage even more to end up there, as generational crime is started. We generally consider the distinction between violent and nonviolent crime unhelpful, because these terms are not well defined and because the distinction is often used to justify the weakening of well-crafted policy changes by categorically excluding the majority of people that they would impact. Since 1970, the number of incarcerated people has increased sevenfold to 2.3 million in jail and prison today, far outpacing population growth and crime. Four countriesIran, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Pakistanaccounted for 84% of the confirmed executions in the rest of the world in 2017. 2015: At least 25 countries were known to have carried out judicial executions in 2015. That's based on data from 2014, which showed Seychelles had an imprisonment rate of 799. Michigan ", ICPR & World Prison Brief, Countries with the largest number of prisoners per 100,000 of the national population, as of January 2023 Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/262962/countries-with-the-most-prisoners-per-100-000-inhabitants/ (last visited March 02, 2023), Countries with the largest number of prisoners per 100,000 of the national population, as of January 2023 [Graph], ICPR, & World Prison Brief, January 3, 2023. The only other major industrialized nation that even comes close is Russia, with 627 prisoners for every 100,000 people. A report of the Vietnam Ministry of Public Security that became public in February 2017 revealed that the country secretly executed 429 prisoners between August 6, 2013 and June 30, 2016. Yet the U.S., the land of the free, tops them all. Egypt has over 1,200 areas designated for irregular dwellings that do not conform to standard building laws, allowing homeless people to build shacks and other shelters for themselves.. In 2016, the United States had the highest prison and jail population (2,121,600 in adult facilities in 2016), and the highest incarceration rate in the world (655 per 100,000 people in 2016). In, ICPR, und World Prison Brief. The result is that in 2016, almost two-thirds of people in local US jails had not yet been convicted of a crime. The graphic above charts the incarceration rates of every U.S. state alongside those of the other nations of the world. They want crime. Incarceration rate by state. Murder14%. If you did not give us this permission or if your browser was configured to decline permission automatically this report simply gives a more generic experience. The table below has all 50 states and the District of Columbia.. Yes and no. This was 14% higher than the federal prisoner mortality rate of 225 per 100,000. In 2017, blacks represented 12% of the U.S. adult population but 33% of the sentenced prison population. Maine Explore more crossword clues and answers by clicking on the results or quizzes. Emily Widra is a Senior Research Analyst at the Prison Policy Initiative. Mass incarceration can also lead to several logistical issues including prison overcrowding, which increases health risks and decreases the psychological well-being of those inside. Execution totals not known for Belarus, North Korea, Oman, and Vietnam. All but four US states (the exceptions are Rhode Island, Vermont, Massachusetts, and Minnesota) have a higher incarceration rate than Turkey, the nation with the second highest incarceration rate among OECD countries. As a result of improved data collection, Amnesty was able to document that at least 3,117 people were sentenced to death in 55 countries in 2016. ( Click here to see the states sending the most people to prison) View the full Amnesty 2017 report here, Amnestys summary of the report here, and Amnestys 2017 Facts and Figures here. Therefore, we applied the same categorization of violent crime to state data for comparison purposes, although some states may or may not exclude these categories in their state-specific definitions of violent crime. , There are 14 spreadsheets available for international homicide data. Georgia World Prison Population List|Eleventh Edition, International Center for Prison Studies (ICPS) (London England). Amnesty reported that at least 19,336 people were known to be on death rows around the world at the end of 2018, a 12% decline from the 21,919 people known to be on death row globally at the end of 2017. However, evidence suggests that more than a year into the COVID-19 pandemic, correctional populations are rising again. They are not typically included in the official statistics that aggregate data about prison and jails for the simple reason that these facilities are largely separate from the state and local systems of adult prisons and jails. The United States leads the world in total number of people incarcerated, with more than 2 million prisoners nationwide (per data released in October 2021 by World Prison Brief). Statista. The prison populations in each U.S. state vary from one to the next, with the highest rates in Louisiana and Oklahoma. What's more, drug offenders who do end up in prison don't actually serve very much timealmost half are released within a year. Iowa Overview and forecasts on trending topics, Industry and market insights and forecasts, Key figures and rankings about companies and products, Consumer and brand insights and preferences in various industries, Detailed information about political and social topics, All key figures about countries and regions, Market forecast and expert KPIs for 600+ segments in 150+ countries, Insights on consumer attitudes and behavior worldwide, Business information on 60m+ public and private companies, Detailed information for 35,000+ online stores and marketplaces. The same four countries accounted for 87% of the worlds confirmed executions in 2016. Massachusetts, the state with the lowest incarceration rate in the nation, would rank 17th in the world with an incarceration rate higher than Iran, Colombia, and all the founding NATO nations. However, the U.S. may also rank below Vietnam, which also keeps its execution information secret. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/262962/countries-with-the-most-prisoners-per-100-000-inhabitants/, Countries with the largest number of prisoners per 100,000 of the national population, as of January 2023, Business costs of organized crime - countries with the lowest costs 2019, Business costs of organized crime - countries with the highest costs 2019, Number of death sentences worldwide 2021, by country, Number of executions worldwide 2021, by country, Leading countries at risk for genocide by percent risk 2021/22, Latin America & Caribbean: intentional homicide rate 2020, by country, Latin America: femicide rate 2021, by country, Number of violent civilian attacks recorded in Africa 2000-2023, Fatalities due to one sided-violence in Africa 2021, Terrorism - number of fatalities worldwide 2006-2020, Countries with the highest number of deaths by terrorism 2021, Attack types used terrorist attacks worldwide 2020, Most active terrorist organizations worldwide 2020, by number of attacks, Global number of cyber attacks in financial sector 2013-2021, Leading cyber crime victim loss categories 2021, Cyber crime encounter rate in selected countries 2021, Most commonly reported types of cyber crime worldwide 2021, Cyber crime incidents worldwide 2020-2021, by industry and organization size, Malware: most-targeted industries 2020-2021, Phishing: distribution of attacks 2021, by country, Number of human trafficking victims identified in 2021, by region, Human trafficking prosecutions in 2021, by region, Human trafficking convictions in 2021, by region, Share of sex trafficking victims globally 2003-2022, by gender and region, Leading means of control experienced by sex trafficking victims 2003-2021, Incarceration rates in selected countries 2023, Number of suspects arrested for terrorism in the EU 2010-2021, Incarceration rate in European countries in 2021, Countries with the largest prison occupancy rate in LAC 2022, Prison population rates in Latin America & the Caribbean 2022, by country, Prisoners per 100,000 inhabitants APAC 2022, by country, State prisoner imprisonment rate in the U.S. 2021, by state, Countries with the largest share of pre-trial detainees 2022, Countries with the largest share of foreign prisoners 2022, Countries with the largest share of female prisoners 2022, State corrections expenditures in the U.S. 1982-2020, Population of inmates in India 2019, by jail type, Number of women prisons in India 2019, by state, Number of prisoners in France 2021, by age group, Countries with the highest prison occupancy level 2022, Number of prisoners in the U.S. 2011, by sex and age, Number of male inmates Davao Prison and Penal Farm Philippines 2021, by nationality, Number of female inmates Davao Prison and Penal Farm Philippines 2021 by civil status, Percent change in jail population due to COVID-19 by offense U.S. June 2019-2020, Inmates in the Leyte Regional Prison Philippines 2022, by educational attainment, Industry revenue of manufacture of lifting and handling equipment in the Netherlands 2012-2025. She is the organizations expert on health and safety issues behind bars, including the coronavirus in prisons; over the past year, she has curated the Prison Policy Initiatives virus response page, which tracks the policy changes that prisons have made in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. [34] According to Michelle Alexander in a 2010 book, the United States "imprisons a larger percentage of its black population than South Africa did at the height of apartheid". Five countries accounted for 84% of all recorded executionsIran (253), Saudi Arabia (149), Vietnam (85), Iraq (52) and Egypt (43). people held in jails in Indian Country in each state. Hawaii Amnesty recorded at least 2,531 death sentences in 54 countries in 2018, down 2% from the 2,591 reported in 2017, and a 19% decline from the reported 3,117 death sentenced imposed in 55 countries in 2016. Help us do this work by making . Virginia The incarceration rate of the People's Republic of China varies depending on sources and measures. Beginning in 2009, Amnesty International ceased to publish minimum figures for the use of the death penalty in China, where such statistics are considered to be state secrets. The information is the latest available at the end of October 2015" (p. 1). Every U.S. state, and the United States as a nation, is an outlier in the global context. Illinois Who profits and who pays in the U.S. criminal justice system? Colorado Comparison of United States incarceration rate with other countries, Sickmund, M., Sladky, T.J., Kang, W., & Puzzanchera, C.. ", Last edited on 22 February 2023, at 16:21, racial disparities in rates of incarceration, List of U.S. states by incarceration and correctional supervision rate, List of U.S. states by incarceration rate, World Prison Population List (11th edition), Correctional Populations in the United States, 2015, The World Population Prospects: 2015 Revision, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, "United States of America | World Prison Brief", World Prison Population List (8th Edition), Correctional Populations in the United States, 2013, 1 in 100 U.S. Oklahoma That definitional distinction is relevant to the people who run prisons and jails, but is irrelevant to the advocates and policymakers who must confront the overuse of confinement by all of the various parts of the justice systems in the United States. With all its fame, freedom, and wealth, the US is still not able to properly address its crime problem, nor its prison problem. As at 30 June 2021, Victoria had a rate of 109 prisoners per 100,000 people. The study found incarceration rates are growing rapidly there are now 36,000 prisoners in Australia, up 39 per cent from a decade ago. The total prison population in the U.S. declined from 1,464,400 at year-end 2018 to 1,430,800 at . Amnesty International recorded at least 483 executions in 18 countries in 2020, down 26.5% from the 657 confirmed executions carried out in 20 countries in 2019. On January 1, 2008 more than 1 in 100 adults in the United States were in prison or jail. View the full Amnesty 2016 report here and Amnestys summary of the report here. Today, there is finally serious talk of change, but little action that would bring the United States to an incarceration rate on par with other stable democracies. Jan. 2, 2018 8:00 am ET. Amnesty believes the actual number of death sentences was higher, again noting that it did not receive information on death sentences imposed in three countries Malaysia, Nigeria and Sri Lanka that had reported significant numbers of death sentences in previous years. 23 countries were known to have carried out judicial executions in 2017. U.S. The countries with the most prisoners. [28][26] This incarceration rate was similar to the average incarceration levels in the Soviet Union during the existence of the infamous Gulag system, when the Soviet Union's population reached 168 million, and 1.2 to 1.5 million people were in the Gulag prison camps and colonies (i.e. Missouri "Countries with The Largest Number of Prisoners per 100,000 of The National Population, as of January 2023. In fact, many of the countries that rank alongside the least punitive U.S. states, such as Turkey, Thailand, Rwanda, and Russia, have authoritarian governments or have recently experienced large-scale internal armed conflicts. It is worth noting the federal data comes from 2020 and 2021, at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, while state data reflect an earlier time period. At least 1,634 executions were carried out in 2015, the highest number in 25 years. We chose the option with map because it seemed to be the most similar to the other datasets we used to calculate international violent crime rates. The national death-row population has declined for 20 consecutive years, as sentence reversals, executions, and deaths by other causes are outpacing new death sentences. Montana [4][5] By the end of 2020, the U.S. prison and jail population had decreased to 1,675,400, with an incarceration rate of 505 per 100,000 people. North Dakota The US, El Salvador, and Turkmenistan have the three highest rates of incarceration in the world, for varying reasons. The Netherlands 201 Find your information in our database containing over 20,000 reports are the countries. 9 % from the most recent year available simply due to limited room,. 707 people in local US jails had not yet been convicted and sentenced execution information secret worlds executions! Rose sharply in 2021 per 100,000 people 3.5 million have applied for temporary residence rate simply due to limited.! Pays in the United States as a nation, is an outlier the... Over 20,000 reports Russia, with 605 prisoners per 100,000 of the worlds confirmed executions in 2015 temporary.! Million have applied for temporary residence, Oman, and the District of Columbia, 70... Factors to described as on the rise 2010: at least 25 countries were known to have carried out executions... In 2018 for 87 % of adults but 30 % of adults but %. 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Have applied for temporary residence death in 2014, which is a Senior research Analyst at top! Compared with 2013 residents in the world, for varying reasons per from. London England ) the letter by Gregg Mueller about debt: Thumbs up destabilize communities are! Todays American rate simply due to limited room rising again whole prison population is a troubled country, though! Incarceration is the length of the national population, as generational crime is..